IumbindiUmahluko phakathi kokugqithiswa kweemoto kunye noxinzelelo lwamandla luxhomekeke kubudlelwane besizathu kunye nesiphumo:Ukulayisha kakhuluyenye yezizathu eziqhelekileyo zokugqithisela kombane, kodwaumsinga ogqithisileyoayibangelwanga ngokupheleleyo kukugqithisela. Kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi zinto zimbini ngokwendalo, ububanzi, kunye nokubonakaliswa.
Ngokwenyani, zinxulumene "nesizathu" kunye "nesiphumo". Umongo wokugqithisa kukuba imoto "ithwele umthwalo omninzi", ngokubhekiselele kumthwalo wokwenyani (njengokumelana noomatshini) othwalwa yimoto odlula umthamo wayo woyilo olulinganisiweyo. Yinkcazo yemeko yomthwalo kwaye iwela phantsi kodidi "lwesizathu". Kwelinye icala, umongo wokugqithisa kukuba "umbane wemoto udlula umgangatho", oko kuthetha ukuba umsinga wokusebenza wokwenyani udlula ixabiso lomsinga elilinganisiweyo. Luphawu olungaqhelekanga lweeparameter zombane kwaye lukwicandelo "lesiphumo". Ukugqithisa kunyanzela imoto ukuba yonyuse umsinga ukuze iqhubeke nokusebenza, okunokukhokelela kumsinga wokugqithisa. Nangona kunjalo, ukugqithisa kunokubangelwa zezinye izinto ezingezizo ezokugqithisa kwaye akunyanzelekanga ukuba kubekho ukugqithisa omninzi.
Ngokwezizathu, ezi zimbini zineendawo ezihambelanayo kodwa ezingalinganiyo. Izizathu zokugqithiswa kombane zinxulumene ngokuthe ngqo "nomthwalo" kwaye zilula, njengokwanda ngequbuliso komthwalo wezixhobo zoomatshini eziqhutywa yimoto, ukukhetha imoto okungafanelekanga okubangela "ihashe elincinci litsala inqwelo enkulu", okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezinto zothumelo loomatshini ezibangela ukwanda okukhulu kokumelana nokusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, izizathu zokugqithiswa kombane zibanzi ngakumbi. Ngaphandle kweemeko zokugqithiswa kombane ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, ziquka iimpazamo kwimoto okanye kwisekethe ngokwazo, ezingadibaniyo nomthwalo, ezifana neesekethe ezimfutshane kwi-stator winding, umonakalo kwi-interphase insulation, i-voltage yombane engaqhelekanga, kunye nokulahleka kwesigaba semoto. Ezi zinto zingagqithisiyo zinokukhokelela kumbane ogqithisileyo.
Ngokuphathelele ukubonakaliswa kunye nemiphumo, kukwakho umahluko ekugxininisweni kwezi zimbini. Ukubonakaliswa kokugqithisa kuthambekele ngakumbi kwi "uhlangothi loomatshini", kunye nesantya semoto esihla kakhulu ngexesha lokusebenza, umzimba uba "buthathaka", ubunzima ekuqhubeni umthwalo, ingxolo eyandayo yoomatshini, ukungcangcazela okuqinisiweyo, ukuguguleka lula kwezinto zothutho ezifana neebheringi, kunye nokugoba okanye ukwaphuka kweshaft. Ukugqithisa ixesha elide kuqala kubangela umonakalo kwizixhobo zoomatshini, kwaye emva koko kukhokelela kwiimpazamo zombane (ezifana nokushisa kakhulu kunye nokutsha kwe-winding). Ukubonakaliswa koxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kuthambekele ngakumbi kwi "uhlangothi lombane", kunye ne-core elixabiso eligqithisileyo langoku. Kwezinye iimeko, kusenokubakho ukungaqheleki okucacileyo koomatshini; ukuba kubangelwa zizinto ezingagqithisiyo (ezifana ne-short circuit), umbane uya kwanda ngequbuliso kakhulu, mhlawumbi utshise i-winding kwixesha elifutshane, kwaye ude ubangele ukuhamba kwesixhobo sokukhusela ukuvuza. Iziphumo zigxile kakhulu kumonakalo wecandelo lombane, ngelixa izixhobo zoomatshini zisenokungachaphazeleki ngokuthe ngqo. Ngamazwi alula, ukugqithisa kuhlala kuhamba kunye noxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, kodwa ukugqithisa akubangelwa kukugqithisileyo.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-02-2025